Indonesia, an archipelago of over 17,000 islands, is the world’s third-most-populous democracy and the largest Muslim-majority nation. According to CIA data, Indonesia’s population is projected to reach 281,562,465 in 2025, maintaining its position as the fourth most populous country globally, following India, China and the United States. Indonesia’s demographic landscape is shaped by rapid urbanization, economic transformation, and a rich cultural heritage.
According to World Health Organization data, Indonesia’s current population is 281,190,067 as of 2023, with a projected increase of 14% to 320,712,949 by 2050. The population growth rate in 2023 stands at 0.85%, reflecting a +0.097 percentage point change since 2022. Additionally, life expectancy at birth has improved by 1.06 years, rising from 67.2 years in 2000 to 68.3 years in 2021.
Ethnic and Cultural Diversity
One of Indonesia’s defining characteristics is its ethnic diversity, with over 300 ethnic groups and more than 700 spoken languages. The largest ethnic group, the Javanese, makes up around 40% of the population, followed by the Sundanese, Batak, Madurese, and Minangkabau.
Population Growth and Urbanization
Indonesia has undergone significant population growth, particularly in urban areas. Cities like Jakarta, Surabaya, and Bandung have expanded rapidly due to rural-to-urban migration. As of 2025, over 56% of Indonesians live in urban areas, a trend expected to rise as economic opportunities continue to concentrate in cities.
Economic Impact of Population Growth
Indonesia’s large and growing population has contributed to its emergence as Southeast Asia’s largest economy. By the 2020s, Indonesia ranked among the world’s top 10 economies in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP). The country has also made significant strides in poverty reduction, lifting millions out of poverty through economic development and social programs.
Indonesia Population Statistics in 2025
| Year | Mid-Year Population (Thousand People) |
|---|---|
| 2022 | 275,773.8 |
| 2023 | 278,696.2 |
| 2024 | 281,603.8 |
According to BPS-Statistics Indonesia, the country’s mid-year population has shown a steady increase over the years. In 2022, Indonesia’s population was recorded at 275.77 million, rising to 278.69 million in 2023, and reaching 281.60 million in 2024. This reflects a consistent annual growth rate of approximately 1.06%, driven primarily by natural population growth and internal migration from rural to urban areas. As economic opportunities concentrate in major cities like Jakarta, Surabaya, and Bandung, urban populations continue to expand, influencing infrastructure demands and development priorities.
Current Indonesia Population 2025
Indonesia’s population estimates vary by source. The table below presents figures from different organizations.
| Source | Population | Year |
|---|---|---|
| U.S. Census Bureau | 283,600,000 | 2025 |
| World Bank | 281,190,067 | 2023 |
| Worldometer | 285,040,487 | 2025 |
| CIA World Factbook | 281,562,465 | 2025 |
| World Health Organization (WHO) | 281,190,067 | 2023 |
| United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) | 279,800,000 | 2025 |
Male and Female Population in Indonesia 2025
Here is the table based on the CIA World Factbook data:
| Category | Population | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Male | 140,800,047 | 2025 |
| Female | 140,762,418 | 2025 |
| Total Population | 281,562,465 | 2025 |
According to the CIA World Factbook, Indonesia’s population in 2025 is nearly evenly split between genders, with 140,800,047 males and 140,762,418 females. This balanced demographic distribution plays a crucial role in shaping the country’s economic, social, and policy planning.
Population in Indonesia 2025 By Age Group
Here is the age group distribution of Indonesia’s population in 2025, according to UNFPA:
| Age Group | Percentage (%) | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population aged 0-14 | 25% | 2025 |
| Population aged 10-19 | 17% | 2025 |
| Population aged 10-24 | 25% | 2025 |
| Population aged 15-64 | 68% | 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ | 7% | 2025 |
Indonesia’s age distribution in 2025, based on United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) data, shows a significant proportion of the population in the working-age group (15-64 years: 68%). This demographic advantage, known as the demographic dividend, presents economic opportunities by providing a large labor force that can drive growth, productivity, and innovation if supported by strong policies in education, job creation, and infrastructure.
At the same time, 25% of the population will be aged 0-14 years, indicating a continued demand for education, healthcare, and child welfare services. The elderly population (65+ years) is projected to reach 7%, which, while relatively low, suggests an increasing need for healthcare facilities, pension systems, and social support for aging citizens. Managing these demographic shifts will be crucial for Indonesia’s long-term economic and social stability.
Disclaimer: The data research report we present here is based on information found from various sources. We are not liable for any financial loss, errors, or damages of any kind that may result from the use of the information herein. We acknowledge that though we try to report accurately, we cannot verify the absolute facts of everything that has been represented.
